Cable Overhead

Di pergalên hilberîna hêza fotovoltaîk a bi torê ve girêdayî ye, gava ku hêza DC-yê hatî hilberandin ji hêla veguhezkerê ve veguhezîne hêza AC û di tora AC-ê de tê entegre kirin., veguheztina hêzê bi gelemperî bi xetên jorîn ve tête kirin. Tîpîkî, the grid connection process of photovoltaic power generation systems can occur in the following scenarios:

Direct Connection

For small distributed photovoltaic power generation systems, such as residential rooftop photovoltaics, the DC power can be directly converted to AC power through the inverter and then connected to the low-voltage grid via distribution lines. In this case, underground low-voltage cables and overhead insulated cables like ABC cables can be used.

Connection through Box Transformers or Substation Integration

Medium or commercial-scale photovoltaic power stations may use box-type substations (box transformers) to convert the DC power generated into AC power suitable for grid integration through the inverter, and then step up the voltage through the box transformer to match the voltage level of the overhead grid, before connecting to overhead lines.

Large-scale ground-mounted photovoltaic power stations typically require a transformer to step up the voltage to a higher level for efficient transmission. In this case, the power is directly connected to a substation, which then distributes it to high-voltage or ultra-high-voltage overhead grids.

In these two scenarios, if the distance from the power station to the grid connection point is relatively short and the load is not large, AAC cable could be an economical choice. For medium distances or where better physical performance is required, AAAC cable may be a better option. For long-distance transmission or where special cable strength requirements are needed, nemaze dema ku xetên jorîn hewce ne ku ji eraziyên tevlihev derbas bibin an li ber şert û mercên hewaya dijwar bisekinin, ACSR conductor will be the most suitable choice.

AAC: All-Aluminum Conductor (AAC) cables are relatively low-cost, lightweight, and have good conductivity, making them suitable for short-distance transmission and light load conditions. Lebê, their strength is relatively low, with limited tensile capability, which might not be suitable for long distances or situations requiring high mechanical strength.

AAAC: Compared to AAC, All-Aluminum Alloy Conductor (AAAC) kabloyan xwedî hêza mekanîkî ya bilindtir in, hêza tîrêjê çêtir, û berxwedana korozyonê dema ku rêwerziya baş diparêze. Ev AAAC-ê ji bo xetên veguheztina dirêj-navîn û hawîrdorên bi hin daxwazên hêza mekanîkî re maqûltir dike., her çend dibe ku lêçûn ji AAC hinekî zêdetir be.

ACSR: Aluminium Steel Reinforced Conductor (ACSR) kabloyan gihandina hêja ya aluminium bi hêza bilind a pola re hevûdu dike. Ew bi taybetî ji bo dûr-dûr maqûl in, barê giran, an xetên veguheztinê bi daxwazên hişk ên hêza mekanîkî. Kabloyên ACSR dikarin bi bandor li ber bahozan bisekinin, barkirina berfê, û tansiyona xetê lê nisbeten bihatir in.

Di pergalên hilberîna enerjiya rojê de, hilbijartina di navbera AAC, AAAC, an kabloyên ACSR bi piranî bi sêwirana pergalê ve girêdayî ye, dûr veguheztinê, pêdiviyên barkirinê, û analîza mesref-fêdeyê. For short-distance and light load power transmission, AAC can be selected. For medium distances or where better physical performance is needed, AAAC is suitable. For long-distance transmission or complex environmental conditions, ACSR is usually the preferred choice.

When selecting overhead lines for photovoltaic power generation systems, several key factors must be considered to ensure the system’s safety, kêrhatîya bicîanîn, and long-term reliability:

Environmental Conditions: Evaluate the climate conditions of the installation site, including wind speed, rainfall, temperature range, ice load, and salt spray corrosion. Choose overhead cable types and specifications that can withstand these environmental impacts.

Voltage Level and Current Carrying Capacity: Select cables with the appropriate voltage level and sufficient current carrying capacity based on the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system and grid connection requirements to ensure safe and lossless power transmission.

Conductor Type: Consider using AAC, AAAC, or ACSR conductors based on transmission distance, pêdiviyên barkirinê, û analîza mesref-fêdeyê. For low-voltage transmission, use insulated cables such as PVC or XLPE insulated cables.

Route Planning: Follow overhead line route selection principles, such as shortening the path as much as possible, reducing corners, avoiding potential obstacles and hazardous areas, ensuring line stability, and ease of maintenance.

Mechanical Strength and Durability: Choose cables that can withstand tension, wind pressure, and other mechanical stresses. For long-distance transmission or harsh environments, hêza mekanîkî ya bilind ACSR dibe ku bijareya çêtir be.

Sazkirin û Maintenance: Hêsaniya sazkirinê bifikirin, lêçûnên lênêrînê, û hewcedariyên berfirehkirina pêşerojê yên potansiyel. Cûreyên kabloyê yên ku sazkirin û domandin hêsan in hilbijêrin.

Ewlekarî: Piştrast bikin ku kablo û aksesûarên jorîn li gorî standard û rêzikên ewlehiyê yên herêmî tevdigerin, di nav de parastina birûskê û pêdiviyên zemînê, ji bo pêşîlêgirtina şewata elektrîkê û xetereyên şoka elektrîkê.

Cost-Effectiveness: Li ser lêçûn û feydeyên çareseriyên cihêreng ên kabloya elektrîkê nirxandinek berfireh bikin, di nav de veberhênana destpêkê, lêçûnên lênêrîna operasyonê, û jiyana hêvîkirî, ku biryara herî aborî û maqûl bide.

Compatibility û Compliance: Piştrast bikin ku kabloya jorîn a hilbijartî bi hêza hilberîna pergala fotovoltaîk re têkildar e û standardên ewlehiya elektrîkê yên neteweyî an herêmî û daxwazên pêwendiya torê pêk tîne..

Pêşeroj Expandability: Berfirehbûna potansiyela pergala rojê bifikirin. Dema ku kapasîteya hilberînê zêde bikin an pergalê di pêşerojê de baştir bikin kabloyên bi hin zêdebûnê hilbijêrin da ku nûvekirinên hêsan hêsan bikin..

Hilbijartina kabloya paşîn divê li ser bingeha rewşa rastîn a projeya taybetî be, tevî faktorên jîngehê, astengiyên budceyê, standardên ewlehiyê, û pêdiviyên torê. ZMS dikare ji bo projeya weya hilberîna enerjiya rojê çareseriyek kabloyê ya berfireh peyda bike, alîkarî ji bo hêsankirina pêvajoya pêkanîna projeyê, demên avakirinê kurt bikin, û bi bandor lêçûnên kontrol bikin.